Science & Health
"Water is tasteless and colorless, but you can live on it longer than eating food" -African proverb
On so many corners in the city of Boston we can get clean water to drink. If you go to the store the cheapest liquid you can purchase is water. There is even access to free water as there are fountains placed across the city and many of us have refillable water bottles which means access to water is pretty easy here. But, don't think that everyone can get fresh water every day. Imagine if you didn’t have water, what would happen? No water to drink, no showers or no water to cook with. Would you be happy as you are now?
In 2010, the United Nations officially announced water was a fundamental human right and declared that “the right to water and sanitation is contained in existing human rights treaties and is therefore legally binding.”
Water is a basic need that must be available in order for humans to survive as we need it for blood circulation, respiration and converting food to energy. After oxygen, water is the body’s most important nutrient. It’s simple, you need water to move your body.
Africa has a serious water crisis across the continent. The World Health Organization estimates that the Sub-Saharan African (the area of the continent that lies south of the Sahara) population of 319 million still lacks access to water. According to the United Nations, lack of access to clean and safe water has complicated poverty reduction efforts greatly as Sub-Saharan African countries spend 40 billion hours searching for water. This time and energy could have been used for other productive activities.
Since water in Africa is a core ingredient for sustainable development like farming, washing food and making electricity, its availability is key to human survival. There are limited sources available that provide clean and drinkable water for the entire population of Africa. According to The Water Project, surface level water sources in Africa are not only highly polluted but creating pipes that brings fresh water to arid areas is very expensive. Furthermore, groundwater is the best resource to tap into to provide clean water to the majority of areas in Africa but this is also an expensive endeavor. Women and children in Africa walk for miles to obtain water from streams and ponds that often might contain disease causing organisms, like those that cause cholera, typhoid fever, and infant diarrhea.
Africa also has other obstacles, one being decreased rainfall. According to the United Nations, Southern Africa is expected to face a decrease in precipitation of 20%. It is difficult for local populations in some of these areas to continue their traditional lifestyles or farm because of the decrease in rainfall. Some people are turning to cutting down and burning trees to create charcoal to sell as fuel in order to make a living. The consequences of no clean water or access to adequate sanitation are widespread. Young children die from dehydration and malnutrition because of diarrhea which is something that could be prevented by clean water.
I interviewed Miss Adelina, a teacher at Boston International Newcomers Academy . She is from one of the 10 islands that make up Cape Verde off the West Coast of Africa. Her experience of the water crisis in Africa is that “there are so many things going on in Africa: lack of water is causing droughts because it’s dirty water. There is not enough clean water.”
Adelina says, “Well I think kids in America are very spoiled. They don't understand hardship like a youth of Africa having to walk three miles to get fresh water. That kid in Africa might not be wearing shoes or having food in their belly, so here in America we have the land and a good plenty. We can walk to the corner grocery store and get whatever we want to eat, like cake, candy and sodas. In Africa they don't have all those resources — they might be lucky if they eat breakfast or lunch.”
How can teens in Boston help this situation? Adelina says, “first of all, make them aware of what's going on in Africa. If they don't know what's going on there, it's a low chance they’ll understand the water crisis in Africa. Second, we should teach them how water is important to human life, and maybe take some youths in Boston on an internship to Africa to see with their eyes how people are struggling to get water.”
How can teens in Boston help this situation? Adelina says, “first of all, make them aware of what's going on in Africa. If they don't know what's going on there, it's a low chance they’ll understand the water crisis in Africa. Second, we should teach them how water is important to human life, and maybe take some youths in Boston on an internship to Africa to see with their eyes how people are struggling to get water.”
The issue of water scarcity in Africa is one that we all can learn from. As the water crisis in Africa becomes more widely known, more people are stepping forward to help make a difference in the lives of millions of families struggling to find water. You and I are responsible for not only reading or writing articles but we are also responsible for finding a way to help people get water even if they are thousands of miles away. Mother Theresa said, “Not all of us can do great things, but we all can do small things with great love.” So it's time we realize that we must stop wasting water and appreciate the things that we have, and teach our children how important water is to mankind.